[UPSC] Fundamental Rights, All Details And Top MCQs

This section deals with fundamental rights. At the end of this section, you will get to solve some top MCQs, we urge you to revise the important details about the topic first.

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Fundamental Rights are a set of rights enshrined in part iii of our constitution from articles 12 to 35. These rights are meant for promoting the ideal of political democracy and for preventing the state from becoming authoritarian and despotic. They impose certain restrictions upon the state and aim at protecting the liberties and freedoms of people from the state invasion.

Originally our constitution guaranteed seven fundamental rights, which were;

1. Right to equality (articles 14-18)
2. Right to freedom. (articles 19-22)
3. Right against exploitation. (articles 23-24)
4. Right to freedom of religion. (articles 25-28)
5. Right to have own culture and education. (articles 29-30)
6. Right to property. (articles 31)
7. Right to constitutional remedies. (articles 32)

However, the Right to property was deleted by 44th amendment-1978 to pave way for land reforms. It is now a legal right under article 300-A in part xii of constitution.

These rights are justiciable in nature and form the backbone of Indian political democracy, hence the part of the constitution containing these fundamental rights, i.e, part iii, has been rightly called as Magna Carta of India.

These rights will cease to be of any importance if there is not any mechanism to enforce them, if and when they are violated. Hence, there is article 32 ,which is itself a fundamental right and it guarantees the right to constitutional remedies for the enforcement of these rights. Keeping the importance of article 32 in mind, Dr Ambedkar rightly referreed to it as “the very soul of the constitution and the very heart of it”.

While enforcing the fundamental rights, Supreme court can invoke article 32 and issue various types of writs. This power of Supreme court to issue writs is called it’s Writ Jurisdiction. High courts also have a power to issue various kinds of writs for the enforcement of fundamental rights and they can do so under article 226. Hence, we can say that Supreme court shares its writ jurisdiction for the enforcement of fundamental rights with the High courts.

The various kinds of writs that can be issued for the enforcement of fundamental rights are:

Type of writ	It’s meaning	Purpose of issuance
Habeas Corpus	To have the body	to release a person who has been detained unlawfully.
Mandamus	We Command	to secure the performance of public duties
Certiorari	To be certified	to quash the order of lower judicial or quasi judicial body
Quo Warranto	By what authority	to prevent a person from holding any public office that he is not actually entitled to
Prohibition	To stop something	to prohibit a lower court from continuing its proceedings in any such case where it has no jurisdiction

Quiz On Fundamental Rights Now

Now that we have revised the topic, let’s solve these important MCQs on fundamental rights now.

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How many fundamental rights were originally guaranteed by the Indian constitution?

1. 5
2. 6
3. 7
4. 4

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The number of fundamental rights in our constitution is?

1. 4
2. 5
3. 6
4. 7

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Right to property was deleted by?

1. 44th amendment
2. 42nd amendment
3. 74th amendment
4. 73rd amendment

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Right to property is now a legal right under article _ in part __ of the constitution?

1. 300 A, part XI
2. 300 A, part XII
3. 299 A, part XI
4. 299 A, part XII

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Right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions is guaranteed by?

1. article 29
2. Article 28
3. Article 31
4. Article 30

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Right to equality consists of following articles?

1. 14 to 16
2. 15 to 19
3. 14 to 18
4. 12 to 16

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Which among the following articles provides for the doctrine of judicial review?

1. Article 15
2. Article 11
3. Article 14
4. Article 13

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All such laws that are inconsistent with the fundamental rights shall be void. It is guaranteed by?

1. Article 13
2. Article 12
3. Article 15
4. Article 14

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Which of the following is true about the fundamental rights?

1. they are sacrosanct in nature.
2. they are non justiciable in nature.
3. they can be amended by a constitutional amendment act.
4. they can never be suspended.

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The concept of fundamental right has been borrowed from?

1. GOI act 1935
2. British constitution
3. US constitution
4. Canadian constitution

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The part of the constitution containing fundamental rights has been described as?

1. magna carta of India
2. soul and spirit of India
3. mini constitution of India
4. all of them

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The part of the constitution containing fundamental rights,is covered by the following articles?

1. 12 to 36
2. 12 to 35
3. 11 to 33
4. 10 to 35

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In which part of the constitution are the fundamental rights are enshrined?

1. part vi
2. part iv
3. part ivA
4. part iii

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Which of the following is true about the fundamental rights?

1. they are availabe only to the citizens.
2. they are absolute in nature.
3. some of them are negative in character in the sense that they impose restrictions upon the state.

1. only 1 and 2
2. only 2
3. only 3
4. all of them.

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Equality before law and equal protection of laws is guaranteed by ?

1. Article 13
2. Article 14
3. article 29
4. Article21

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The concept of equality before law is of ___________ origin and ______ nature ?

1. American, positive
2. American, negative
3. British, positive
4. British, negative

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The concept of “equality before law” is an element of the concept of ” rule of law”, propounded by ?

1. Ivor Jennings
2. J R Kapoor
3. A V Dicey
4. none

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Which article deals with abolition of untouchability?

1. article 15
2. Article 16
3. Article 19
4. Article 17

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ex post facto laws cant be invoked to covict any person for any offence. this is guaranteed by?

1. Article 21
2. Article 19
3. Article 22
4. Article 20

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In which of the following cases did supreme court introduce the “due process of law”?

1. Menaka case
2. Gopalan case
3. kesavnanda bharti case
4. Minerva mills case

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Right to education as a fundamental right is guaranteed by?

1. article 21
2. Article 21 A
3. Article 31
4. Article 30

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Right to education as a fundamental right was added by _________ amendment?

1. 88th
2. 86th
3. 44th
4. 68th

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In pursuance of the Fundamental Right to education, parliament enacted right to education act in?

1. 2006
2. 2007
3. 2008
4. 2009

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Article 32 is related to ?

1. Constitutional remedies
2. constitutional amendments
3. constitutional minorities
4. none

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Referring to which article did Dr Ambedkar say that ” it is the very soul of the constitution and the very heart of it”?

1. article 15
2. article 14
3. article 32
4. article 21

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The violation of ______ right is a necessary condition for invocation of article 32.

1. fundamental rights
2. statutory rights
3. customary rights

1. only 1
2. only 1 and 2
3. All of them
4. only 1 and 3

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With respect to enforcement of funamental rights, the jurisdiction of supreme court is?

1. original
2. exclusive
3. wide

1. only 1
2. only 1 and 2
3. only 1 and 3
4. all of them

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High courts, like Supreme court have a jurisdiction in case of enforcement of fundamental rights and it is because of?

1. article 32
2. article 184
3. article 226
4. article 309

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The writ jurisdiction of supreme court (with respect to enforcement of various types of of rights) is ?

1. equal to the writ jurisdiction of high courts.
2. narrower than the writ jurisdiction of high courts.
3. broader than the writ jurisdiction of high courts.
4. all of them, depends upon circumstances.

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High courts, like supreme court have a jurisdiction in case of enforcement of fundamental rights and it is because of?

1. article 32
2. article 184
3. article 226
4. article 309

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Which of the following writs literally means “to have a body of”?

1. Certorari
2. Mandamus
3. Habeas Corpus
4. Quo Warranto

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In order to ask any public official to perform his official duties, that he has otherwise failed to do, the court will issue?

1. certiorari
2. habeas corpus
3. quo warranto
4. mandamus

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Which of the following is issued to prevent illegal usurpation of any public office?

1. habeas corpus
2. certiorari
3. mandamus
4. quo warranto

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The writ of prohibition can be issued only against?

1. judicial bodies
2. quasi judicial bodies
3. adminstrative authorities
4. private individuals

1. only 1
2. only 1 and 2
3. only 1,2 and 4
4. all of them

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Which article deals with the restriction on rights conferred by part iii, during martial law?

1. Article 33
2. Article 34
3. Article 35
4. Article 128

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Which of the following articles dealt with fundamental right to property( now it stands repealed)?

1. Article 13
2. Article 30
3. Article 31
4. Article 25

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Which of the following does not allow awards such as Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibushan and others to be used as suffixes and prefixes.

1. Indra Sawhney case
2. Balaji Raghavan case
3. O K A Nair case
4. Murali Deora case

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These were some important MCQs on fundamental rights for competitive exams. We are sure that you will find these MCQs very useful and hope that you will share them with your friends.